International Journals of Multidisciplinary Research
Academy (IJMRA)

Abstract:
The self-help group is one of the platforms where women could play the role of “necessity entrepreneurship”. This study is aimed to emphasize on postural discomforts and workplace environment which is directly related to enhancement in productivity and sustainability among self-help group women involved in large-scale chapatti making. The various physical discomforts faced by the women during the chapatti making process were measured using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment tool. The discomfort level was observed in the shoulder, wrist and the neck while kneading and portioning the dough. The rolling and frying action caused the maximum discomfort. The workplace assessment being one of the prime objectives of the study revealed that it needed redesigning. The temperature and thermal comfort was lowest in the frying area which was the most difficult place to work followed by the rolling area where the ventilation was poor. The different ways to cope with the physical discomforts caused during the work were lying down and relaxingsubstituted with ainkillers, without realizing the muscle damages caused by the postural discomfort. Thus, their productivity can beenhanced by adopting the proper ergonomic posture.
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Abstract:
Recent medical research has provided a multitude of reliable biomarkers to the field of contemporary medicine. This practice of incorporating biomarkers in diagnosis and management of any given health condition has proven to increase the precision and the pace of medical practice. It is therefore essential to explore novel forms of biological indicators to improve the efficacy of therapeutic intervention. The objective of this paper is to review the potential of female sex hormones, particularly estrogens and progesterone, to acquire the status of comprehensive biomarkers for mental health using psychiatric, cognitive and neuroscientific evidences drawn from past research. The paper discusses the neuromodulatory and neuroprotective effects of female sex steroid on the brain circuitry and the positive impact on a wide range of cognitive abilities. The paper also reviews studies pertaining to menopausal women, critical window hypothesis and hormonal therapy. Finally, the buffer effect of female sex steroids on diathesis in acquiring a disorder is also discussed by compiling studies conducted on clinical samples of Neurodevelopmental disorders, Neurodegenerative disorders, Schizophrenia, Anxiety, Depressive Disorders Stress-related disorders.
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Abstract:
Waste management or Waste disposal is the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. Waste generated and improperly segregated and disposed will lead to putrification and poisonous gases emitted along with formation of bacteria and fungi which is harmful to all living beings. These gases produced increases emission of Greenhouse gases and effects Carbon Foot Print Management. The present study focuses on impact of waste management towards carbon foot print reduction at domestic level in two different types of dwellings, the eco-friendly and conventional apartments. The design of the study is Survey method. Purposive sampling method was used for sample selection. The total sample size comprising of 50, out of which 25 samples were choosen from residents who are living in conventional apartments and another 25 samples were choosen from the residents who were living in eco friendly apartments. The questionnaire was developed as a tool to evaluate the knowledge on waste management of the respondents residing in eco friendly and conventional apartments. Further the intervention program was carried on the selected 50 respondents using modules for a period of three months. Post test was carried after the intervention programe to obtain the knowledge on waste management.
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Abstract:
The phytochemical analysis of Litchi chinensisSonn. (Litchi)seed and pericarp in water, methanol and hydromethanolic (1:1) extracts were investigated. The total phenolic, flavonoid, β-carotene and ascorbic acid levels were found to be higher in the pericarp than in seed extracts. Lycopene was not detected in the pericarp extract. In vitro antioxidant capacity was measured by assaying DPPH radical and H2O2 scavenging activities. Linear regression analysis was used to calculate the IC50 value. The IC50 values for DPPH scavenging were found to be 473.2 μg/ml (seed) and 437.1 μg/ml (pericarp). Similarly, the IC50 values for H2O2 scavenging activity were 34.94 μg/ml (seed) and 107.77μg/ml (pericarp). In vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using lipoxygenase inhibition, heat induced albumin denaturation and RBC membrane stabilization assays at different concentrations with aspirin as standard. The extracts inhibited lipoxygenase with IC50 values of 157.95 μg/ml (seed) and 98.29 μg/ml (pericarp). Maximum inhibition of heat induced protein denaturation with IC50 values of 45.85 μg/ml (seed) and 44.59 μg/ml (pericarp) was reported. RBC stabilization was seen maximally with IC50 values of 520.5 μg/ml (seed) and 711.7 μg/ml (pericarp). Agar well diffusion assay of extracts was performed on some common pathogens to determine the antibacterial activity. It was observed that the aqueous extracts of L. chinensisseeds produced the largest zone of inhibition for gram positive S. aureus while the methanolic extract of the pericarp produced the highest zone of clearance for K. pneumoniae.
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Abstract:
Punica granatum L. (Pomegranate) has been used from ancient times for the treatment of many health disorders such as cardio vascular diseases, inflammation, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, intestinal infections and cancer. This study aims at providing an overview of the phytochemistry and antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel and pulp extract. For the study, organic pomegranate was selected and the peel and pulp extracts of the same were subjected to total flavonoid present in it. The antioxidant capacity tests were carried out using hydrogen peroxide test and reducing power assays for both peel and pulp. A positive and significant correlation was observed between parameters like total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity at p = 0.01 level which proved to be 99% significant. Antioxidant capacity was significantly correlated to all the phytochemical parameters at p = 0.05 which proved at 95% level which showed that higher flavonoid concentration was present in both peel and pulp extract. But peel showed the highest concentration in comparison to pulp. It was clearly proved that greater the flavonoid content, higher was the antioxidant activity for both.
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Abstract:
Nutrient stress, either low or excessive availability of essential nutrients is one of the crucial environmental stresses that encumber plant growth, development, and consequently reduce crop yield. Phosphorus, a vital macronutrient is one of the limiting factors for plant growth. Responses of hyacinth bean to phosphate deficiency were evaluated in terms of lateral root formation, secretion of acid phosphatase and microRNA (miRNA) expression profile which is known to account for maintenance of phosphate homeostasis. While lateral roots and secretion of acid phosphatase were increased, miRNAexpression showed mixed response. Wherein, miRNA 164 and miRNA 398 were downregulated and miRNA 399 was up-regulated. NAC1 and 1-Am inocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase the targets of miRNA 164 and miRNA398 respectively showed up-regulation, while UBC 24 target of miRNA 399 was down-regulated.
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Abstract:
Microbial genomes are much easier to study and understand due to the lack of introns and very less intergenic regions.Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one among the top pathogenic killers causing infectious diseases. The biggest challenge in the treatment of tuberculosis is the extremely slow growing nature of the pathogen, multiple drug resistance, association with HIV, very long treatment period with multiple drugs etc. In the past few decades, many studies have been conducted to understand the biology and pathogenesis of the microbe. The last two decades saw the emergence of a number of high throughput genome sequencing technologies which enabled easy sequencing of many different species and strains of Mycobacterium. India has a lot of cases of tuberculosis and hence a lot of variations can also be expected in the genomes of the clinical strains. Unique regions in the genomes of particular strains of pathogenic bacteria are responsible for traits like pathogenicity, virulence etc. The paper focuses on techniques like subtractive hybridization and chromosome walking which can be applied to find out unique regions in the genomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Abstract:
Biofilms are spatially structured communities of microbes whose function depends on a complex web of symbiotic interactions. High cell density and proximity of diverse species of microorganisms are typical of life in natural biofilms, where organisms are involved in complex social interactions that occur both within and between species and can be either competitive or cooperative. Biofilms are the main cause for increase in virulence and antibiotic resistance of microorganisms. Both gram positive and gram negative pathogens are known to produce biofilms. The present study is aimed at characterization of biofilm forming bacteria from UTI samples. N-acylhomoserine Lactone (AHL), an autoinducer responsible for the formation of biofilms in gram negative bacteria is characterized. The capacity of the UPEC isolates to form biofilms is analysed using biofilm assay. Further on, N-acylhomoserine lactone was extracted by Liquid Liquid Extraction (LLE) and was estimated colorimetrically and spectroscopically by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The UPEC isolates exhibited strong biofilm forming capacity. The AHL that was extracted showed a characteristic absorbance for C==O bond of lactone ring, and N==Hand C—O bond of acyl chain. Plants like Magnifera indica, Punica granatum, Catharanthus roseus and Manikara zapota were extracted to check for their antimicrobial as well as antibiofilm activity by well diffusion assay and biofilm assay. All the plant extracts were screened for antibiofilm activity. The result indicated that Punica granatum extract had a good inhibition capacity.
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Abstract:
A phototrophic bacterial culture isolated from the contaminated soil around wood preserving industries was found to assimilate 2-chlorophenol (2-CP). The isolated bacterium was identified as Rhodopseudomonas palustris based on its morphological, biochemical and FAME-GC analysis. The cells were harvested in their log phase, immobilized in alginate and agar matrices. The immobilized cells were supplied with 0.6% (v/v) 2-CP to study the biodegradation potential.The cells were able to degrade 2-CP of about 95%. The degradation rate of 2-CP was monitored at 275nm using UV-Visible spectrometer at regular time intervals. The decrease in concentration of 2-CP and accumulation of metabolite was observed in the spectrum. The metabolites produced during degradation were characterized by TLC and GC-MS analysis. The immobilized cells were subjected to repeated batch culture technique. Both agar and alginate matrices were stable with degradation ability for 7 repeated cycles without decreasing its efficiency
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Abstract:
Nothapodytes nimmoniana is an endangered medicinal tree endemic to Western Ghats, India and it is one of the important sources for large scale isolation of camptothecin (CPT), a potent antitumor compound. Camptothecin is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid isolated from various plant species such as Ophiorrhiza mungo, Ervatomia hyneana, Nothapodytes nimmoniana etc. The plant extracts has shown various activities such as antimicrobial activity, anti-malarial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antitumor/cytotoxic activity, anti-oxidant activity, etc. In the present study, N. nimmoniana samples were collected from different geographical locations viz., Amboli, Joida, Jamboti, Panhala and Ulvi of Karnataka and Maharashtra regions and evaluated for camptothecin content, quantitative estimation of total phenolic, flavonoid content and their anti-oxidative potential. The leaves and stem samples were dried, powdered and extracted with five different solvents (Petroleum benzene, Ethyl acetate, Methanol, Butanol, and Water) and accessed for quantitative analysis. Samples were also extracted and analyzed for camptothecin content using HPLC. The antioxidant activity of N. nimmoniana was also assessed by DPPH, reducing power and phosphomolybdenum assay. Varied results were observed with different solvents and samples collected from different locations. Aqueous extract of leaf sample from Amboli and aqueous extract of stem sample from Ulvi showed highest phenolic content (11.25g GAE/ 100g and 5.20g GAE/100g) respectively. Highest flavonoid content were observed from aqueous extract of leaf and stem samples collected from Joida and Jamboti (2.07g QE/100g and 1.06g QE/100g) respectively. Among the leaf samples collected from different locations, aqueous extract from Joida showed highest radical scavenging activity of 99.86% followed by aqueous extract from amboli (99.36%), and the lowest activity was observed in the ethyl acetate extract from Joida. Among stem samples, Ethyl acetate showed highest activity with 98.69% and lowest being sample from Jamboti with 14.56%. Reducing power of ethyl acetate extract showed highest while methanol extracts being the lowest among leaf samples. Among stem samples, Butanol extract showed highest activity while aqueous extract showed lowest activity. In Phosphomolybdenum method, butanol extract from amboli showed highest activity in both leaf and stem samples. The highest content of camptothecin was obtained from the stem samples collected from Panhala with 749 µg/g DW and lowest being from Amboli with 130µg/g DW. Among leaf samples, camptothecin content was highest from Amboli with 160 µg/g DW and lowest being from Panhala with 50µg/g DW
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Abstract:
A novel thermo stable trypsin inhibitor was isolated from Pongamiapinnataseed cake. The water and buffer crude inhibitor extract was found to exhibit 55% and 36% trypsin inhibition activity respectively. Trypsin inhibitor activity did not decrease drastically in presence of thiol reducing agents and metal chelating agent indicating that the inhibitor is stable. The trypsin inhibitor was purified from cure extract in single step purification by adapting affinity chromatography using trypsin agarose affinity matrix. The purity of inhibitor isolated was satisfactory and was found to be monomeric in nature as analysed by SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the trypsin inhibitor was found to be 24 KDa The purified trypsin inhibitor activity was measured and compared with crude inhibitor extract and found to be 61.49% and 39.4 % respectively.
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Abstract:
Lipid rich food are known to undergo peroxyl linked breakage leading to the formation of free radicals that impart health problems upon consumption. This leads to decline in quality and shelf life hence reducing benefit to cost ratio. Current research hotpot India is the third largest fish producer in the world and generates over 0.3 million tonnes of waste during fish processing and packaging. This waste is rich in the extracellular protein collagen, which when fragmented displays many physiological activities. This study aims to utilize cryptic peptides from waste derived collagen hydrolysates and use them as functional food additives that inhibit lipid peroxidation and subsequently increase the shelf life of lipid based food. Collagen was isolated from Threadfin bream skin, swim bladder and scales by acid dissolution and salt precipitation. The purified collagen was analyzed through electrophoresis, spectral, elution pattern and was then subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. CH presence was confirmed by running them through SDSPAGE. A low molecular weight band was observed near the bottom of the gel indicating the presence of the hydrolysed collagen. CH were assayed for their lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, hydrolysates obtained from SB and scales showed a 75-95% reduction in peroxidation while those obtained from skin did not show any inhibition activity. The shelf life of market available soya bean oil could be increased by 7.5%. CH was found to be non toxic when assayed for cell cytotoxicity as control and test plates displayed significantly similar cell adhesion and cell proliferation pattern. CH were also observed to be cytoprotective as they inhibited cell death upon additionof cumene hydroperoxide to cells.
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Abstract:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is commonly seen in young women of childbearing age and is mainly characterised by fulfilment of at least two of the following criteria: oligo and/or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism and/or polycystic ovaries (Rotterdam consensus 2003). Studies show that weight loss help in relieving menstrual irregularities in overweight and obese women. Garcinia Cambogia can help women with PCOS in weight loss .The health mix was developed using Garcinia Cambogia in 3 variations – 0.5 gram, 1.0 gram and 1.5 gram as the upper intake level has not been established yet. A nutri-bar was developed using the health mix. Sensory evaluation, proximate analysis and microbial analysis were done for the standard and the variants. The shelf life of the mix was estimated to be 30 days through microbial analysis and peroxide value which was well within the BIS standards. The AOAC methods were adopted for estimating the macronutrient content of the health mix. The mix provided appropriate amount of complex carbohydrates, protein, fibre and reduced amounts of fat as per FDA standards.
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Abstract:
A staggering 1.3 billion ton of edible foods are wasted globally per year, primarily due to loss of texture and moisture during storage. Current emulsifiers/humectants like PEG and sorbitol used to stabilize food texture and composition are known to display toxic effects at higher doses. This has lead to a search for naturally available and non toxic alternatives. Since hydrolysates of the extra cellular protein collagen are known to display several physiological activities, this study was conducted to evaluate the potential of collagen hydrolysates (CH) used as emulsifiers/humectants in food. Collagen was isolated from the skin and swim bladder of Catla catla and was identified to be collagen type I based on its electrophoretic and elution profile which displayed double peaks at 100 kDa. Bacterial collagenase was used for hydrolysing and fragmentation was confirmed by altered electrophoretic and elution profile displaying mass of 7-12kD. CH exhibited an emulsification activity of 2.5±0.78 m 2/g at 0.005% concentration and emulsion stability of 33±1.2 minutes, significantly similar [p<0.05] to the positive control. The CH sample could successfully retain 97±0.25 % of added water during a period of seven days. The CH sample displayed a mere 2+1.04% haemolytic activity and was confirmed non-toxic. CH can revolutionize the current food and health industry as they display high bioavailability and bio compatibility with no side effects, and can be isolated in bulk from marine industry processing waste.
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Abstract:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrinological disorder among women of fertile age. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a set of symptoms due to elevated androgens (male hormones) in women. Signs and symptoms include irregular or no menstrual periods, heavy periods, excess body and facial hair, acne, pelvic pain, difficulty getting pregnant, and patches of thick, darker, velvety skin (Dutta, 2000). Women with PCOS are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety, poor self-esteem, alter the coping abilities, strain relationships, decrease quality of life, disordered eating and psychosexual dysfunction. Present study focus to study the Prevalence and Lifestyle pattern among PCOS women. Study was conducted on women (Respondents) in selected hospitals and gynaecology Clinics in Bangalore city. Purposive Random Sampling was adopted. Sample size comprising 50 PCOS affected respondents were selected in the age group of 18-45 years. Structured questionnaire was developed and administered to respondents and accessed their Diet, Prevalence and Lifestyle of respondents. Analysis carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics. Majority (38 %) of the respondents found in age group of 21-23 years, married (82%), intermediate (54%) and students (64%), no self income (70%) and family income above Rs.60,000 (40%). Food habits with majority were non-vegetarian (78%) , no health history (78%) and 30% were menstrual cycle period of 60 days. 72 percent of the respondents have inadequate knowledge on prevalence of PCOS and 70% had moderate lifestyle pattern. The association found significant (p<0.05) with age, marital status, education, occupation, food habit and family history with Prevalence level of PCOD. Prevalence and life style level observed from the research study found to be inadequate indicating effective counseling is most essential. It is very important to note that only medications alone cannot manage PCOS, appropriate diet and regular physical activities are equally important and contributing factors. Early diagnosis is necessary for early intervention, including behavior modification, to minimize the immediate and chronic consequences of PCOS.
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Abstract:
Adolescence is a crucial period of growth spurt and physical development of the body in every human being as it marks the beginning of adulthood. Menstruation embarks the journey of an adolescent girl into a healthy reproductive woman.
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Abstract:
Cereal bars are well accepted, innovative, practical and convenient food which would be an ideal food format to deliver all required nutrient in appropriate proportion for female athletes. High-carbohydrate and nutrient dense bars make great choices for fueling both before and during a long workout. As food is the excellent medium for the growth of the organism which causes food borne disease, all newly developed products should be microbiologically safe as microbial contamination can come from different sources like processing, handling packaging etc. so Microbiological and aseptic testing play a potential role in assurance of standard quality and food safety. The present study was intended to formulate millet bar and to evaluate the nutritional composition and to investigate and identify the presence of three food borne disease causing pathogen like Salmonella, E coli and Staphyllococcus Aureus in the formulated bar. So millet based bar was formulated with millet flakes (Fox tail, Barnyard millet flakes), ragi flakes, nuts, flax seed, chia seeds, dry fruits, drumstick leaf powder, cucumber seeds, pumpkin seeds and palm jaggery without adding any artificial flavor and preservatives after standardization and different trails. The results of nutritional analysis per 100 gm of sample revealed that the millet bar contained 404 kcal energy, 56.3g of carbohydrate, 8.72g of fiber, 11.1g of protein, 14.9g fat, 160 mg calcium and 6.63 mg iron. The Vitamin A and Vitamin E content on analysis were found to be 63.5 IU and 26.8 IU per 100gm respectively. The samples were cultured and analyzed as per the Indian Standard for identification of Escherichia coli, Staphyllococcus Aureus (IS 5887: 1976) and Salmonella bacteria (IS 5887:1996). Freshly prepared millet bar was evaluated for microbial load before packaging and storing. The result indicated that the bar had nil Salmonella organism and very minimal E.Coli (< 10 CFU/g) and Staphylococcus Aureus (< 10 CFU/g). The study concludes that the newly developed millet bar is nutritionally well balanced and microbiologically safe to consume.
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Abstract:
The growing concerns about environmental issues are playing an increasingly important role in the textile industry. The use of ecofriendly dyes as one of the means to create hand painted silks to protect the environment. The study aims at bringing technology redefining health by painting silks with eco-friendly dyes with different green solvents/buffers with limitless variety of exciting designs. The techniques used here are easy, simple and can be finished at home which do not cause harm to Health, environment and ecology. While hand painting silks care was taken to convert the dyes into paints which were not carcinogenic. The objective was to study the effects of different solvents/buffer medium with eco friendly dyes, its visual effect on silk fabric. The consumer acceptance was carried out through a survey, the tool being questionnaire. 7 samples were hand painted with different techniques and were tested for colour fastness to washing, rubbing (dry and wet), sunlight and perspiration. Under privileged women were trained and it was found that the method was easy and they could earn a living to support their family. These hand painted eco-friendly green products with sustainable designs have created awareness among people to protect health and environment. Green Clothing will provide a new market for additional job opportunities, continuous net flow of money in the economy, and the reduction of raw materials and virgin resources. This led to the principle of REDUCE-REUSE-RECYCLE. Eco-friendly Green Fashion is not a FAD anymore.
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Abstract:
To develop a tasty, attractive and nutritious product is a challenge. An attempt was made to develop a healthy jam by replacing sugar with lessrefined sweeteners like jaggery, raisins, dates and honey and a jam free from artificial colours, preservatives & flavours. Beetroot was selected based on nutrient composition, antioxidant capacity, pectin content, availability,low cost and organoleptic properties. Beetroot pulp was cooked for 5 minutes. Sweeteners like jaggery, dates paste, raisins paste, honey, and lemon juice and cardamom powder were added into the pulp in varying proportions and cooked. Four variations using different sweeteners were developed. For all the four products variation was introduced by adding honey to improve the glossiness of the jam. Evaluation was done by 30 trained panel members using nine-point hedonic scale and Food Action (FACT) Rating Scale. Shelf life was assessed. The study was carried out at Smt. VHD Central Institute of Home Science. Bangalore The developed beet root jams with different variations were found to be acceptable. They were also safe after one month of refrigerated storage. The different variations of jam provide low fat energy, micronutrients such as calcium, iron, potassium and sodium etc.This jam provides a better substitute to butter on bread.
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Abstract:
The ageing population worldwide is constantly rising, both in urban and regional areas. There is a need for IoT based integrated health monitoring systems that take care of the health of elderly people without compromising their convenience and preference of staying at home. The cloud as well as IoT (Internet of Things) and the mobile technologies make it easier to monitor the patient’s health conditions by sharing the health information to health care teams such as doctors, nurses and specialists. The present work aimed at post discharge health monitoring of a person. SpO2, BP, Heartrate and Temperature are the vital parameters being measured. A module for easy monitoring of patient was developed by acquiring these four key vital parameters. The acquired parameters are stored in ThingSpeak Cloud and displayed on a webpage so that the doctor can easily access the condition of the patient and suggest methods to improve his/her health condition and in case of irregularities suggest hospitalization. The module comprises different sensors to obtain the above-mentioned health parameters and the data is sent to a smartphone using Bluetooth. The data is then uploaded to the cloud from the smartphone and the data can be monitored real-time via the website. The prototype was tested and the deviation between the manual procedure and automated prototype was with in ± 1%.
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Abstract:
There is a paucity of different detection techniques with the increasing neuromuscular and muscular disorders.SurfaceElectromyography(sEMG) is one of the most commonly used detection methods for identifying these disorders.A need for monitoring muscular activity is arising due to a shift towards sedentary lifestyle .This paper delves into a novel type of sEMG sensor and its dedicated instrumentation for monitoring muscular activity.
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Abstract:
To develop a system that will classify the mushroom as edible or poisonous by processing the image acquired at the source during packaging at the business platform as well as at the consumer platform through an application installed in the imaging device.
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Abstract:
Bone defects are major issue for the clinician to cure and much effort or skill to accomplish. Bone defects can occur due to trauma, infection and other diseases like osteoporosis or cancer. Hydoxyapatite scaffolds have been long used in graft procedures, hip replacements, dental implants and to repair early lesions in tooth enamel. But their properties like tensile strength and fracture toughness is not similar to bone. To overcome this bone tissue engineering has become a good alternative. Provide suitable environment of cell growth and help in release of growth factors. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a wonderful biocompatible material to support tissue adhesion and bone growth. Carbon nanotubes are considered as both osteoinductive and osteoconductive material and have high aspect ratio and good mechanical properties which strengthen hydroxyapatite. Furthermore zinc oxide is also known to form bone like apatite layer and have good mechanical and biological properties. In this report we grown the nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp), (it has characteristics of natural bone) by chemical technique with support of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and multiwalled carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide composites. The effects of zinc oxide on CNT
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Abstract:
Every year number of oil spills occur due to various reasons and these spills adversely affects marine environment. It is very much essential to remove this oil from the aquatic environment at earliest. Currently various types of absorbents are used to remove oil from spillage. An effort has been made to synthesis oil absorbent nanomaterial from sugarcane bagasse. This paper briefly explains synthesis and characterization of the prepared material and results obtained. Cellulose nanofibers were prepared from the sugarcane bagasse using acid hydrolysis technique. Iron oxide nanocubes [αFe2O3] were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The nanocomposites were prepared by stirring and mixing of cellulose nanofiber with iron oxide nanocubes. The structure and morphology of the samples were studied using XRD and SEM, respectively. SEM images confirmed the growth of cellulose nanofibers with iron oxide nanocubes. The oil absorptivity of the cellulose nanofibers was studied.
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Abstract:
Nanocellulose have undergone rapid development in recent years as promisingbiomedical materials because of their excellent physical and biological properties,in particular their biocompatibility, biodegradability and low cytotoxicity.Turmeric is used very often over wounds in India. Use of turmeric for woundsheals the cut, prevents infection and also reduces the pain. Curcumin, thetherapeutic component of turmeric shows antiinflammatory, anti-bacterial andanti-viral properties. Use of turmeric for wounds fastens the healing process andalso reduces the risk of formation of scar. In this report, nanocellulose wasprepared by bleaching and acid hydrolysis of rice husks. Turmeric powder isobtained by mechanical grinding of dried turmeric roots. Later nanocellulose andturmeric composite was prepared. The antibacterial activity of prepared compositewas examined against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
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Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is a prevailing problem in most of the countries. It occurs due to the lack of insulin or production of insufficient amount of insulin by pancreatic islets. Insulin is essential for maintaining blood glucose levels in the body. When inadequate amount of insulin is produced it has to be compensated by administration of insulin injections which is a painful procedure. To supplement the insulin needs, small molecules that can be administered through oral route and can mimic insulin action are considered in the present study. The objective of the present study is to perform In-silico analysis of acetic acid in apple cider vinegar and to understand it’s slow glucose absorption mechanism using Argus Lab docking software.
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Abstract:
Postmenopausal women are usually troubled by increasing weight and waist circumference caused by obesity and androidal fat redistribution. The deleterious health consequences of obesity and visceral fat deposition after middle age encompass a variety of problems. Results from experimental studies have shown that garlic (Allium sativum L.) can reduce body weight and body fat mass. However, the effect of garlic on body fat mass and weight in the human population, which is addressed in this study, is still obscure
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Abstract:
Nano-medicine, a fast-emerging area of modern medicine, has intriguing applications. The physical and chemical methods of producing nanoparticles, cause toxicity and disadvantages. Green synthesis of nanoparticles from plant sources circumvents these lacunae, is simple and cost effective. Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy), finds immense applications in the field of medicine. This study aimed at the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from the reaction between Leaf Extracts of Giloy & aqueous Silver Nitrate solution. The reaction resulted in visual colour change from pale yellow to brown, indicating the formation of Silver Nanoparticles. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) values of these Nanoparticles were measured and obtained at the wavelength of ~462.5nm. Characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the mean diameter of these Nanoparticles to be 22.75nm. Further, the antibacterial activity of these Nanoparticles was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Eschericia coli through Agar-Disc method and the efficacy inhibition was observed by Zones of Inhibition (ZOI). It was found that these Nanoparticles were inhibitory to the above bacteria. Hence, this study shows the potential of green synthesis of Silver Nanopartciles from Tinospora cordifolia and its subsequent anti-bacterial activity, thus amalgamating the biological benefits of Giloy and Silver Nanoparticles in human health.
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Abstract:
In this examination, we have incorporated polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) capped cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs) was combined by reduction strategy, Silica (Si) colloid was synthesised by Stober's technique and it was functionalized with thiol by 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane. Silica supported Co NPs was combined by blending of Si colloid and Co NPs. The integrated product characterized by various methods like XRD, SEM, EDX. The phase purity and crystallinity of Cobalt nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction examines the normal molecule size of Co and Si supported CoNPS, was evaluated utilizing Scherrer's and observed to be in the range nano extend. PXRD revels that all the diffraction peaks were all around filed to cubic Co (JCPDS document: 89-7093). Assist the antibacterial impact of Silica, Cobalt nanoparticles, Colloidal Silica upheld Co nanoparticles was assessed against antibacterial movement for two-gram positive cultures Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and two-gram negative cultures Klebsiella, Pseudomonas. which demonstrated that the nanoparticles have direct antibacterial action in contradiction of both Gram positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacterial strains and holds potential application in pharmaceutical and biomedical businesses
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Abstract:
Transparent zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by the sol-gel spin coating method using zinc acetate dihydrate as the precursor material of ZnO. ZnO films were preheated at 100oC and again spin coated for making multi-layer films. The ZnO films were characterized with optical transmittance measurements using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The optical band gap energy was estimated by Tauc method and found to be decreased with increase of number of layers of ZnO film. The electrical resistivity of ZnO thin films was measured by four probe meter after annealing the films at 400oC in air for 1h. The electrical resistivity decreased with increasing the number of layers of ZnO film. The photo-catalytic activity of ZnO film was studied under UV light for the purification of water by dissolving a poisonous dye in water. It has been observed that the concentration of the dye decreased with increasing the UV irradiation time and the number of layers of ZnO film.
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