International Journals of Multidisciplinary
Research Academy (IJMRA)

Abstract:
Frauds in Credit Card are an emerging problem with more consequences in the financial sector and even many techniques have been discovered. The huge volumes of complex data analyzed and automate by applying Data mining techniques successfully. Data mining techniques have also played a vital role in the detection of credit card fraud in online transactions. The main aim of the paper is to design and develop a novel fraud detection method for Transaction Data, with an objective, to analyze the past transaction details of the customers and extract the behavioral patterns. The cardholders are categorized into different groups based on their transaction amount. Banks make use of various machine learning methodologies, past data have been collected and new features are been used for enhancing the predictive power for these transactions. In credit card transactions, the performance of fraud detecting is affected greatly by the sampling approach on every data-set, selection of decision variables and detection techniques used. This proposed work investigates and checks the performance of Support Vector Machines, Decision tree, Random Forest and Logistic Regression on highly skewed credit card fraud data. The European credit card fraud dataset containing around 285,000 transactions have been taken and tested. The above mentioned data mining techniques are applied on the raw and preprocessed data and the performance of these techniques are evaluated based on Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity and Precision.
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Abstract:
Umulumgbe clay deposit has been characterized with a view of finding its usefulness in furnace refractory production and other industrial needs. The chemical analysis was conducted using X-ray Flourescence (XRF) techniques. The result of the chemical analysis showed that the clay has SiO2 (51.0%) and Al2O3 (26.0%) as its predominant oxides with La2O3 (0.011%) and MoO3 (0.04%) as its minor oxides. The physical properties test conducted at firing temperatures of 9000C, 10000C, 11000C and 12000C respectively showed that porosity has (18.38%), shrinkage has (7.20%), bulk density has (1.84g/cm3 ), apparent density has (2.16g/cm3 ), and refractoriness has (16540C) at firing temperatures of 12000C. Most of the properties tested were compared favourably with the standard values for fireclay refractories. The clay sample can be effectively used in the production of ceramics products and refractory bricks for lining of furnances for ferrous and non-ferrous metals
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